Scottish obstetrician Sir James Young Simpson (1811 - 1870), experimenting with chloroform. He had already been giving his patients ether during childbirth and developed the use of chloroform as an anesthetic which gained general acceptance when Queen Victoria used it while giving birth to her son Leopold. Simpson, born in Bathgate, also founded the study of gynaecology and became the physician to the Queen in Scotland in 1847. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
