Vitalism: Henri Bergson, French philosopher, early 20th century, (1956). Bergson (1859-1941) won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1927. From the Picture Post Library. A print from Ideas, a volume about the origin and early history of many things, common and less common, essential and inessential, by Readers Union, the Grosvenor Press, London, 1956. (Photo by The Print Collector/Print Collector/Getty Images)